Momentum — the property of a moving object that makes it difficult to stop. Fill in the Blank Notes

Warm-Up

Momentum do-now

Compare the force the big box exerts on the little box with the force the little box exerts on the big box.

Momentum

Momentum Song — The Hush Sound — Video SMTP

How Tough Is It to Stop?

"Which is tougher to stop, a bowling ball or a baseball?"

bowling ball
baseball pitcher

It Depends ....

If the baseball had a much larger velocity, it would be harder to stop.

(technically, product of mass and velocity)

Defining Momentum

boy hitting baseball

Momentum = Mass x Velocity

p = mv

(kg·m/s)  (kg)(m/s)

a) vector quantity

b) p has same direction as velocity

c) units - kg·m/s

Momentum and Collisions

Momentum helps us understand collisions

[Flash]

Kinetic Energy is conserved in perfectly elastic collisions

Perfectly Elastic Collision?

No

The ball's energy is lost in the collision with the floor. It does not return its original position.

Same Momentum, Different Mass

"Could a moving baseball have the same momentum as a moving bowling ball?"

bowling ball
baseball pitcher

"Yes. p = mv. The baseball's velocity would have to be many times faster."

Force and Momentum

1) Relationship between force and momentum

When a force acts on a body it
 changes its' momentum.

Mathematical Relationship, F, p

p = mv

so ...

Δp = mΔv

Fnet = ma

so ...

Fnet = mΔv / t

(Cross Multiply)

Fnett = mΔv

Since Δp = mΔv, then ...

Fnett = Δp

Force is the time rate
of change in momentum

Fnet = Δp / t

Δp = Ft

Force F, 'Follow through', t

racquetball follow-through

Soccer ball kick.wmv

Dr. Dave's Hall of Fame

What Determines the Change in Momentum?

The change in momentum that an unbalanced force produces on an object depends on ....

hockey slapshot

Noble and Greenough School H.S.

... how long the force acts on a body.

Follow Through Matters

"Could a female golfer EVER change the momentum of a golf ball more than a male golfer?"

female golfer
male golfer

Yes.

She can compensate for a smaller force
by employing a good 'follow through'

2) Impulse

J = Fnett

(N·s) or (kg·m/s)

Combining all the equations

* J = Fnett = mΔv = Δp *

Write on your test immediately
before answering questions

Given this equation, what is another unit for momentum besides kg·m/s?

* J = Fnett = mΔv = Δp *

N·s