Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

AI Discussion of
What Makes a Diamond Sparkle.

 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration 

Total Internal Reflection - PHET

showmethephysics Instruction

Assessment

 

 

Show Me The Physics

 

 

 

 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

| Rutgers University Physics |

 

 

 

internalReflection2
 St. Mary's University

 

 

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Show Me The Physics

 

Show Me The Physics

 

 

 

 

 

Did you know ...

 

Skipping a rock across water has one thing in common with 'skipping' light off a media boundary.

 

 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

Wikimedia

 

 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

Prostoneskipping.com

 

A stone will skip across a pond only at wide angles
from the normal
(about 70 degrees)
 

 

 

 

 

 

2. Critical Angle θc– angle of incidence for which the angle of refraction equals 900 when light travels inside one medium that borders on air or a vacuum

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration


Deriving Critical Angle Equation

 

n1sinθ1 = n2 sinθ2

 

    Substitute θc, θ2 = 90, n2 = 1

 

n1sinθc = 1sin90

 

n1sinθc = 1

   

 
 sinθc = 1/n1

 

 

 

 

 

 

Ex) Find θc for Lucite

 

 

sin θc = 1/n1

 

From reference table, n1 = 1.50 

 

sinθc = 1/1.50

 

 

θc = 41.8

 


 

 

 

 

3. Total Internal Reflection

  


Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

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Show Me The Physics

 

 

 

What is this called? 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

Rutgers University Physics 


 

[ Flash ]

(These kinds of fibers are coated with materials that have a low index of refraction (fast).
These materials are called cladding.)


 

 

St. Mary's University's Astronomy
 and Physics Dept.

 

 

 

When θ1 > θc
Total Internal Reflection

(Outside Medium Must Be Faster)

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| Total Internal Reflection |

Rutgers U. Physics

 

 

 

Ex) Lucite

θc = 41.8

 

 

 

 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

Air


 

 

 

 

When θ1 = θc

 

θ2 = 900

 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

 


 

 

 

When θ < θc Refraction

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration
 


 

 

 

Refraction of Light

Rick Reed

 

 


 

a) Total Internal Reflection?

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

 

 

 

 

 

 

Choice 2

(Outside Medium Must be Fast)

 




 

 

b) Refraction?

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

 

 

 

 

 

 

Choice 3

 



 

 

 

 

 

 

c) Impossible?

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

 

 

 

 

Choice 1

(Light always crosses over normal)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

What's wrong with this picture?

 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

 

 

 

Part of the ray
would be refracted.
 
Total Internal Reflection only occurs when the outside
 medium is very fast.

 


 

 

 

 

Total Internal Reflection lesson illustration

Enrichment

| Onsite |

St. Mary's U Astronomy and Physics Dept.

 

 

 

Light reflecting inside a diamond

🎧 Podcast · 5 min

Why Diamonds Sparkle: The Physics of Brilliance

More episodes →

Light bouncing down an optical fiber

🎧 Podcast · 21 min

How Fiber Optics Replaced the Scalpel

More episodes →

Check Your Understanding

5 quick questions — pick an answer to see if you’re right.

1. What is the critical angle?

2. A material bordering air has an index of refraction of 2.00. What is its critical angle?

3. Lucite's critical angle is 41.8°. Light inside Lucite hits the Lucite–air boundary at 50° from the normal. What happens?

4. Total internal reflection can occur only when light travels

5. Fiber optic cables carry light long distances through bends. What keeps the light inside the fiber?