Conservation Of Mass and Energy - ___________________________

or ______________________ but can be__________ into ________ according to the formula

____ = ____

Units( ) ( ) c - speed of __________

Typical Regents Question - How much energy can be generated when 2 universal mass units are completely converted into energy?

Answer: _____________ (each _______________________)

Forces inside nucleus

1) _________________________________ - holds nucleus together

- ________________________________________

• operates at distance < 10 ^-13 meters

A) Binding Energy- amount of energy needed to separate nucleons in nucleus.

Protons and neutrons in nucleus ____________________________

______________________________________________________

Mass of Assembled Nucleus < Combined mass of an equivalent # of nucleons.

Lost mass called mass defect - **Mass Defect = binding energy **

(mass lost is converted to energy)

Subatomic Particles – _____________________________________

See reference table – Classification of matter

Examples:

· Neutrino – no charge and less mass than electron!! (Travel close to speed of light!!!!)

Sun produces so many neutrinos that ___________ neutrinos pass through every square centimeter (0.15 sq in) of the surface of Earth every second.

· Meson – mass somewhere between an electron and proton

· Baryons relatively larger subatomic particles

ex) ________, __________ and ____________ (mass greater than neutron)

Baryons are made of smaller particles called quarks (see ref.)

Each subatomic _______________ has an “_______________”

(___________________________________)

The “antiparticle” of an _________ is called a _________